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« Yoga and Tennis Child’s Play »
Studies on Stretching
Posted 08/21/2008 @ 10 :30 AM

SharapovastretchNot long ago, I talked a friend into going on a run with me. He didn’t seem especially excited about it, but I knew I would have more motivation if I had a buddy. When his jogging pace turned out to be my all-out running pace, I realized I should’ve found my own motivation. But there was also another way we weren’t compatible exercise-mates: We had entirely different philosophies on stretching.

After our warm-up jog to the park, my friend promptly found some grass, sat down, and started stretching his hamstrings. I did my own pre-run preparation: leg kicks, upper-body rotations, and squats. We watched each other, silently judging the others’ rituals.

I was surprised. I thought everyone knew the mantra I go by: dynamic stretches before a workout, static stretches after (it’s what the USTA player development program recommends). My friend and I are the same age and both have been active in sports. Why wouldn’t we have learned the same techniques for stretching?

Then, when Tom Perrotta, a senior editor at TENNIS, sent me this article from the New York Times, I realized it’s not that simple. People stretch differently all over the world and for different reasons—increased flexibility, soreness and injury prevention, better performance. Others don’t stretch at all because they don't find it to be helpful.

No one really knows the best way to stretch because it’s never been studied. Now two large-scale stretching studies have been launched to find out things like whether stretching is beneficial, what it does, and what kinds of stretches are best. Without concrete evidence on stretching that these studies are looking to provide, it’s all down to personal preference.

One of the studies, the Stretching Trial, has participants record their results on the study’s website. So let’s have our own little Internet-based study. What are your rituals when it comes to stretching?

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I've heard theories that stretching before is better, but more believable to me is to stretch after a dynamic warm up or completely after a wor-out.

i stretch both before AND after...

I do dynamic stretches first (eg touching toes) then static stretches (eg leg kicks). I always do at least one set of about 10 seconds or reps before and after. Sometimes I feel sore a few hours after playing, but this may be due to nutrition and hydration rather than stretching. Anyway, this should be a very interesting study..

I stretch prior to play (really helps me warm up). I stretch my groin area with a simple sole to sole exercise. I also stretch my back rotating shoulders and hips in opposite ways laying on the back.

i don't stretch. i started out doing it because coaches encouraged it. but i no longer do it because i haven't found it to be helpful unless i am looking for increased flexibility...and i am not.

Ideally, I like to warm up, stretch, workout (hike or play tennis usually) then stretch again at the end. If, however, I really over extended myself during the workout I tend to cramp during stretches so I just do relaxed breathing with my back on the floor with my calves resting flat on a chair. This relieves any back tension tremendously. I think proper breathing and relaxation while stretching and consciously trying to relax tensed areas is critical. I definitely feel tension building when I slack on my stretches.

depending on the activity i always stretch before. legs for legs- core also for joggin/back.
tennis wise do the same for my legs and stretch my forearms/shoulders out, i noticed its cut out tightness in my play if i do. more relaxed and can serve better for longer time period and feel good the next morning. To each their own i suppose' ive heard of some people who meditate and stretch!! lol hippies lol.

Interesting article. Good points you make. I WANT to stretch before and after I do any sport but am too keen to get on with it and play. HOWEVER, now realise at approaching 40 that my ACL knee construction, ongoing plantar fascilis and tennis elbow would probably not have happened had I been an avid stretcher of any of the disciplines!

Stretching actually gives me energy. Whenever I'm feeling lethargic and lazy, a stretching session will always wake me up and it helps to make me feel more toned as well. I can certainly tell a difference in my body shape when I don't do it.

As for stretching with exercise - stretching before exercise probably helps me to perform better in whatever I am doing and I know that you should always try to do it for the sake of the muscles you will be using, but I don't tend to bother. My mother was a dancer and so whenever I tell her I rarely bother to warm up properly she always looks traumatised by my revelation! I never feel pain the next day because of it though.

I always do proper stretches after exercise though, as it really does help your muscles recover and stops any pain creeping in the next day. I definitely notice a difference when I don't cool down properly.

In martial arts we always started with calisthenics, would work slowly up to quite a sweat then we would stretch. The thinking was get a bit of a warm up for those muscles because stretching them cold was a no no.

I cringe when I see folks walk on the court and the first thing they do is start stretching, no warm up at all. I suppose it works for some but a good warm up before stretching works best for me.

I've probably done more harm to myself stretching incorrectly over the years (and especially on the college team) than good.

Now I mainly am concerned about five areas, and stretch them gently after a brief warm-up of runing in place or hitting short-court for 5 minutes:

(1) achilles tendons
(2) hamstring muscles
(3) hip flexors and groin muscles and tendons
(4) core/abdominal/lower back muscles and tendons
(5) lats and shoulder muscles and tendons

I stretch my wrist, ankles and neck muscles continuously throughout the day.

Basically I jog 5 minutes, then stretch for 3 minutes and I start warming up at the court, pretty simple...but at the end of the game I stretch again for 5 more minutes, try it i works for me.

I consider mini tennis and volleys as my warmup before playing. However, after a hard practice or matchplay, I religiously stretch my legs, calves, hamstrings, arms, and back. This takes me about 8 min. Surprisingly, very few people are doing any stretching after their games. I play tennis several times a week, could stand to lose several pounds, but I am free of any injuries and still feel flexible enough in my mid-forties.
I believe it's a matter of self-discipline and self-preservation.

I always start out with static stretches. I try to strtch my legs a lot. Whenever I don't stretch my legs, I always regret it. My legs will hurt a lot when I play (and I'm only 15!). Then, I go out and play some tennis.
I also do the same stretches when I'm done playing. Otherwise, I'll be very sore the next day.

Take a tennis ball and place it up against your back as you lean on a wall or lie on the floor. Roll it around your back by shifting your position. Find "trigger points": places that seem sensitive. Lean gradually harder on the ball at these points and count to 35. Find several points as you go....See if you don't stand straighter and feel better after this.....stretch your legs and arms a s well. Do this before and after a long match. It's like a chiropractic adjustment

I can't run or play tennis without stretching before and then as a cool-down after. I start with my calves and quads, hamstring and groin then move onto the upper body. Triceps and biceps and then finish with upper-body rotations for the back.

I only stretch in my yoga classes only.

Some of the posters here appear to have it backwards -- dynamic stretches followed by static stretches. If an athlete is preparing to compete, the timing of that static stretching will probably reduce power/performance for something like 30-60 minutes or more according to numerous studies in the past 2 decades.

If static stretches are to be included in a pre-game warmup, they should happen at least 30-60 minutes before game time. Dynamic stretches, as part of a dynamic warmup, should be done shortly before competition (or strenuous exercise)but AFTER static stretching.

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